Amabel Ethelreid Normand (November 9, 1893 – February 23, 1930), better known as Mabel Normand, was an American silent film actress, screenwriter, director, and producer. She was a popular star and collaborator of Mack Sennett in their Keystone Studios films, and at the height of her career in the late 1910s and early 1920s had her own film studio and production company.
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Monday, July 04, 2022. 13:30.
Mabel Normand -Actress, director, screenwriter, producer.
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About :
Born Amabel Ethelreid Normand, November 9, 1893, New Brighton, Staten Island, New York, U.S.
Died February 23, 1930 (aged 36), Monrovia, California, U.S.
Resting place Calvary Cemetery, Los Angeles
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Other names Mabel Normand-Cody, Muriel Fortescue
Occupation Actress, Director,Screen writer,Producer
Years active 1910–1927
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Spouse(s)
Lew Cody (m. 1926)
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Introduction :
Amabel Ethelreid Normand (November 9, 1893 – February 23, 1930), better known as Mabel Normand, was an American silent film actress, screenwriter, director, and producer. She was a popular star and collaborator of Mack Sennett in their Keystone Studios films, and at the height of her career in the late 1910s and early 1920s had her own film studio and production company. Onscreen, she appeared in twelve successful films with Charlie Chaplin and seventeen with Roscoe "Fatty" Arbuckle, sometimes writing and directing (or co-writing/directing) films featuring Chaplin as her leading man.
In the 1920s, Normand's name was linked with scandal, including the 1922 murder of William Desmond Taylor and the 1924 shooting of Courtland S. Dines. Dines was shot by Normand's chauffeur, who was using her pistol. She was exonerated in the first crime, and disregarded from the second, but her film career declined. In addition, Normand suffered a recurrence of tuberculosis in 1923, which led to a decline in her health, her retirement from films in 1926, and her death in 1930 at age 36.
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Early life and career :
*Roscoe Arbuckle and Normand in Fatty and Mabel Adrift (1916)
Amabel Ethelreid Normand was born in New Brighton, Staten Island, New York (before it was incorporated into New York City) on November 9, 1893. She took her name from her father's only sibling, who had died before her birth in 1892. Her mother, Mary "Minnie" Drury, of Providence, Rhode Island, was of Irish heritage; while her father, Clodman "Claude" George Normand, was French Canadian, with his ancestral lineage dating back to Normandy in France and their surname originally being LeNormand or Le Normand.
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For a short time at the start of her career, Normand worked for Vitagraph Studios in New York City for $25 per week, but Vitagraph founder Albert E. Smith admitted she was one of several actresses about whom he made a mistake in estimating their "potential for future stardom." Her intensely beguiling lead performance in the 1911 dramatic short film Her Awakening, directed by D. W. Griffith, drew Normand attention and led to her meeting director Mack Sennett while at Griffith's Biograph Company. She subsequently embarked on a chaotic relationship with him. Sennett later brought Normand to California when he founded Keystone Studios in 1912.
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She is credited as being the first film star to receive a pie thrown in the face.
In A Little Hero (1913, Dutch language edition), Collection EYE Film Institute Netherlands
Normand appeared with Charlie Chaplin and Roscoe "Fatty" Arbuckle in many short films. She played a key role in starting Chaplin's film career and acted as his leading lady and mentor in a string of films in 1914, sometimes directing, co-directing or co-writing films with him. Chaplin had considerable initial difficulty adjusting to the demands of film acting, and his performance suffered for it. After his first film appearance in Making a Living, Sennett felt he had made a costly mistake. However, Normand persuaded Sennett to give Chaplin another chance, and she and Chaplin appeared together in a dozen subsequent films, almost always as a couple in the lead roles. At the start of 1914, Chaplin first played his Tramp character in Mabel's Strange Predicament, although it wound up being the second Tramp film released; Normand directed Chaplin and herself in the film.Later that year, Normand starred with Chaplin and Marie Dressler in Tillie's Punctured Romance, the first feature-length comedy.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mabel%27s_Strange_Predicament_(1914).webm
Mabel's Strange Predicament (1914), the first film in which Chaplin plays the Tramp
Normand opened her own film company in partnership with Sennett in 1916, based in Culver City. She lost the company in 1918 when its parent company, Triangle Film Corporation, experienced a massive shake up which also had Sennett lose Keystone and establish his own independent studio. In 1918, as her relationship with Sennett came to an end, Normand signed a $3,500-per-week contract with Samuel Goldwyn. Around that same time, Normand allegedly had a miscarriage (or stillbirth) with Goldwyn's child.
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Scandals :
Roscoe Arbuckle trials :
Roscoe Arbuckle, Normand's co-star in many films, was the defendant in three widely publicized trials for manslaughter in the 1921 death of actress Virginia Rappe. Although Arbuckle was acquitted, the scandal destroyed his career and his films were banned from exhibition for a short time. Since she had made some of her best works with him, much of Normand's output was withheld from the public as a result. Arbuckle later returned to the screen as a director and actor, but didn't attain his previous popularity despite being exonerated in court.
William Desmond Taylor murder :
Director William Desmond Taylor formed a close relationship with Normand based on their shared interest in books. Author Robert Giroux claims that Taylor was deeply in love with Normand, who had originally approached him for help in dealing with an alleged cocaine dependency. Giroux claims that Taylor met with federal prosecutors shortly before his death and offered to assist them in filing charges against her cocaine suppliers, expressing a belief that these suppliers learned of this meeting and hired a contract killer to murder the director. According to Giroux, Normand suspected the reasons for Taylor's murder, but did not know the identity of the man who killed him.
According to Kevin Brownlow and John Kobal in their book Hollywood: The Pioneers, the idea that Taylor was murdered by drug dealers was invented by Paramount Studios for publicity purposes.
On the night of his murder, February 1, 1922, Normand left Taylor's bungalow at 7:45 pm in a happy mood, carrying a book he had lent her. They blew kisses to each other as her limousine drove away. Normand was the last person known to have seen Taylor alive. The Los Angeles Police Department subjected Normand to a grueling interrogation, but ruled her out as a suspect.[20] Most subsequent writers have done the same. However, Normand's career had already slowed, and her reputation was tarnished. According to George Hopkins, who sat next to her at Taylor's funeral, Normand wept inconsolably.
The Dines shooting :
In 1924, Normand's chauffeur Joe Kelly shot and wounded millionaire oil broker and amateur golfer Courtland S. Dines with her pistol. In response, several theaters pulled Normand's films, and her films were banned in Ohio by the state film censorship board.
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Later career and death :
Normand continued making films and was signed by Hal Roach Studios in 1926 after discussions with director/producer F. Richard Jones, who had directed her at Keystone. At Roach, she made the films Raggedy Rose, The Nickel-Hopper, and One Hour Married (her last film), all co-written by Stan Laurel, and was directed by Leo McCarey in Should Men Walk Home? The films were released with extensive publicity support from the Hollywood community, including her friend Mary Pickford.
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Normand's crypt at Calvary Cemetery :
In 1926, she married actor Lew Cody, with whom she had appeared in Mickey in 1918. They lived separately in nearby houses in Beverly Hills. However, Normand's health was in decline due to tuberculosis. After an extended stay in Pottenger Sanitorium, she died from pulmonary tuberculosis on February 23, 1930 in Monrovia, California at the age of 36. She was interred as Mabel Normand-Cody at Calvary Cemetery, Los Angeles. Note that the date of birth listed on her crypt is incorrect (See reference notes 1 and 2. Her birth year was 1893). Normand’s mother is buried in the crypt above Normand's crypt.
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Legacy:
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Normand has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for her contributions to motion pictures at 6821 Hollywood Boulevard.
Her film Mabel's Blunder (1914) was added to the National Film Registry in December 2009.
In June 2010, the New Zealand Film Archive reported the discovery of a print of Normand's film Won in a Closet (exhibited in New Zealand under its alternate title Won in a Cupboard), a short comedy previously believed lost. This film is a significant discovery, as Normand directed the film and starred in the lead role, displaying her talents on both sides of the camera.
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Cultural references :
*Moviegoers Roscoe Arbuckle and Mack Sennett (foreground) argue while watching Normand onscreen in Mabel's Dramatic Career (1913)
A nod to Normand's celebrity in early Hollywood came through the name of a leading character in the 1950 film Sunset Boulevard, "Norma Desmond", which has been cited as a combination of the names Norma Talmadge and William Desmond Taylor. The film also frequently mentions Normand by name.
"Hello Mabel" is a song by the Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band released in England on their second album The Doughnut in Granny's Greenhouse (released as Urban Spaceman in the US.) in November 1968.
Normand is mentioned during series 2 episode 1 of Downton Abbey by ambitious housemaid Ethel Parks. Daisy Mason (née Robinson), the kitchen maid, inquires what she is reading and Ethel responds, "Photoplay about Normand. She was nothing when she started, you know. Her father was a carpenter and they'd no money, and now she's a shining film star."
Singer/songwriter Stevie Nicks wrote a song about the actress entitled "Mabel Normand", which appears on her 2014 album, 24 Karat Gold: Songs from the Vault.
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Fictional portrayals :
The 1974 Broadway musical Mack & Mabel (Michael Stewart and Jerry Herman) fictionalized the romance between Normand and Mack Sennett. Normand was played by Bernadette Peters and Robert Preston portrayed Sennett.
Normand is played by actress Marisa Tomei in the 1992 film Chaplin opposite Robert Downey, Jr. as Charles Chaplin; by Penelope Lagos in the first biopic about Normand's life, a 35-minute dramatic short film entitled Madcap Mabel (2010); and by Morganne Picard in the motion picture Return to Babylon (2013).
In 2014, Normand was played on television by Andrea Deck in series 2, episode 8 of Mr Selfridge and by Kristina Thompson in the short film Mabel's Dressing Room.
The character played by Alice Faye in Hollywood Cavalcade (1938) was reputed to have been based partly on Normand.
AFI catalog.
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Filmography:
Some of her early roles are credited as "Mabel Fortesque".
Short films :
Year Film Role Director Co-Star Notes
1910 Indiscretions of Betty Unknown/presumably lost
1910 Over the Garden Wall
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1911 Fate's Turning D. W. Griffith
1911 The Diamond Star
1911 A Tale of Two Cities William J. Humphrey
1911 Betty Becomes a Maid Betty
1911 Troublesome Secretaries Betty Harding Ralph Ince
1911 Picciola; or, The Prison Flower Theresa Girhardi
1911 His Mother
1911 When a Man's Married His Trouble Begins
1911 A Dead Man's Honor Helen
1911 The Changing of Silas Warner
1911 Two Overcoats
1911 The Subduing of Mrs. Nag Miss Prue
1911 The Strategy of Anne
1911 The Diving Girl The Niece
1911 How Betty Won the School Betty's Rival
1911 The Baron Mack Sennett
1911 The Squaw's Love D. W. Griffith
1911 The Revenue Man and the Girl D. W. Griffith
1911 Her Awakening The Daughter D. W. Griffith Harry Hyde
1911 The Making of a Man D. W. Griffith
1911 Italian Blood D. W. Griffith
1911 The Unveiling D. W. Griffith
1911 Through His Wife's Picture Mack Sennett
1911 The Inventor's Secret Mack Sennett
1911 Their First Divorce Case Mack Sennett
1911 A Victim of Circumstances Mack Sennett
1911 Why He Gave Up The Wife Henry Lehrman
Mack Sennett Fred Mace
1911 Saved from Himself D. W. Griffith
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1912 The Joke on the Joker Mack Sennett
1912 The Eternal Mother Mary D. W. Griffith Edwin August Blanche Sweet
1912 Did Mother Get Her Wish? Nellie Mack Sennett
1912 The Mender of Nets D. W. Griffith Mary Pickford
1912 The Fatal Chocolate Mack Sennett
1912 The Engagement Ring Alice Mack Sennett
1912 A Spanish Dilemma Mack Sennett
1912 Hot Stuff Mack Sennett Mack Sennett
1912 A Voice from the Deep Mack Sennett
1912 Oh, Those Eyes Gladys Mack Sennett
1912 Help! Help! Mrs. Suburbanite Mack Sennett Fred Mace
1912 The Water Nymph Diving Venus Mack Sennett Mack Sennett
Ford Sterling Alternative title: The Beach Flirt First Keystone comedy
1912 The Flirting Husband Mack Sennett Ford Sterling
1912 Mabel's Lovers Mabel Mack Sennett Fred Mace Ford Sterling
1912 At Coney Island Mack Sennett Ford Sterling
Fred Mace Alternative title: Cohen at Coney Island'
1912 Mabel's Adventures Mabel Mack Sennett Fred MaceFord Sterling
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1913 The Bangville Police Farm Girl Henry Lehrman Fred Mace
the Keystone Cops
1913 A Noise from the Deep Mabel Mack Sennett Roscoe Arbuckle
the Keystone Cops
1913 A Little Hero George Nichols
1913 Mabel's Awful Mistakes Mabel Mack Sennett Mack Sennett
Ford Sterling Alternative title: Her Deceitful Lover
1913 Passions, He Had Three Henry Lehrman Roscoe Arbuckle Alternative title: He Had Three
1913 For the Love of Mabel Mabel Henry Lehrman Roscoe Arbuckle
Ford Sterling
1913 Mabel's Dramatic Career Mabel, the kitchen maid Mack Sennett Mack Sennett
Ford Sterling Alternative title: Her Dramatic Debut'
1913 The Gypsy Queen Mack Sennett Roscoe Arbuckle
1913 Cohen Saves the Flag Rebecca Mack Sennett Ford Sterling
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1914 Mabel's Stormy Love Affair Mabel Mabel Normand
1914 Won in a Closet[36] Mabel Normand Alternative title: Won in a Cupboard
1914 In the Clutches of the Gang Roscoe Arbuckle Keystone Cops Lost film
1914 Mack at It Again Mack Sennett Mack Sennett
1914 Mabel's Strange Predicament Mabel Mabel Normand Charles Chaplin Alternative title: Hotel Mixup
First film with Chaplin as the Tramp although the second released.
1914 Mabel's Blunder Mabel Mabel Normand Charley Chase Al St. John Added to the National Film Registry in 2009
1914 A Film Johnnie Mabel George Nichols Charles Chaplin Roscoe Arbuckle
1914 Mabel at the Wheel Mabel Mabel Normans
Mack Sennett Charles Chaplin
1914 Caught in a Cabaret Mabel Mabel Normand Charles Chaplin Writer
1914 Mabel's Nerve Mabel George Nichols
1914 The Alarm Roscoe Arbuckle Edward Dillon Roscoe Arbuckle
Minta Durfee Alternative title: Fireman's Picnic
1914 Her Friend the Bandit Mabel Mabel Normand
Charles Chaplin Charles Chaplin Lost film
1914 The Fatal Mallet Mabel Mack Sennett Charles ChaplinMack Sennett
1914 Mabel's Busy Day Mabel Mabel Normand Charles Chaplin Chester Conklin Writer
1914 Mabel's Married Life Mabel Charles Chaplin Charles Chaplin Co-written by Normand and Chaplin
1914 Mabel's New Job Mabel Mabel Normand
George Nichols Chester Conklin
Charley Chase Writer
1914 The Sky Pirate Roscoe Arbuckle Minta Durfee
1914 The Masquerader Actress Charles Chaplin Uncredited
1914 Mabel's Latest Prank Mabel Mabel Normand Mack Sennett Mack Sennett
Hank Mann Alternative title: Touch of Rheumatism
1914 Hello, Mabel Mabel Mabel Normand Charley Chase
Minta Durfee Alternative title: On a Busy Wire
1914 Gentlemen of Nerve Mabel Charles Chaplin Charles Chaplin
Chester Conklin Alternative titles: Charlie at the Races Some Nerve
1914 His Trysting Place Mabel, The Wife Charles Chaplin Charles Chaplin
1914 Shotguns That Kick Roscoe Arbuckle Roscoe Arbuckle Al St. John
1914 Getting Acquainted Ambrose's Wife Charles Chaplin Charles Chaplin Phyllis Allen
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1915 Mabel and Fatty's Wash Day Mabel Roscoe Arbuckle Roscoe Arbuckle
1915 Mabel and Fatty's Simple Life Mabel Roscoe Arbuckle Roscoe Arbuckle Alternative title: Mabel and Fatty's Simple Life
1915 Mabel and Fatty Viewing the World's Fair at San Francisco Mabel Mabel Normand
Roscoe Arbuckle Roscoe Arbuckle
1915 Mabel and Fatty's Married Life Mabel Roscoe Arbuckle Roscoe Arbuckle
1915 That Little Band of Gold Wifey Roscoe Arbuckle Uncredited
Alternative title: For Better or Worse
1915 Wished on Mabel Mabel Mabel Normand Roscoe Arbuckle
1915 Mabel's Wilful Way Mabel Roscoe Arbuckle Roscoe Arbuckle
1915 Mabel Lost and Won Mabel Mabel Normand Owen Moore
Mack Swain
1915 The Little Teacher The Little Teacher Mack Sennett Roscoe Arbuckle, Mack Sennett Alternative title: A Small Town Bully
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1916 Fatty and Mabel Adrift Mabel Roscoe Arbuckle Roscoe Arbuckle
Al St. John Alternative title: Concrete Biscuits
1916 He Did and He Didn't The Doctor's Wife Roscoe Arbuckle Roscoe Arbuckle
Al St. John
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1926 The Nickel-Hopper Paddy, the nickel hopper F. Richard Jones
Hal Yates
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1927 Should Men Walk Home? The Girl Bandit Leo McCarey Eugene Pallette
Oliver Hardy
1927 One Hour Married Jerome Strong Creighton Hale
James Finlayson
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Feature films :
Year Film Role Director Co-Star Notes
1914 Tillie's Punctured Romance Mabel Mack Sennett Marie Dressler
Charles Chaplin Feature-Length film
First feature-length comedy
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1918 Dodging a Million Arabella Flynn George Loane Tucker Tom Moore
1918 The Floor Below Patricia O'Rourke Clarence G. Badger Tom Moore
1918 Joan of Plattsburg Joan George Loane Tucker
1918 Back to the Woods Stephanie Trent George Irving Herbert Rawlinson
1918 Peck's Bad Girl Minnie Penelope Peck Charles Giblyn Earle Foxe
1918 The Venus Model Kitty O'Brien Clarence G. Badger Rod La Rocque Feature-length film, unknown/presumably lost
1918 A Perfect 36 Mabel Charles Giblyn Rod La Rocque Feature-length film
1918 Mickey Mickey F. Richard Jones
James Young Feature-length film
1919 Sis Hopkins Sis Hopkins Clarence G. Badger John Bowers Feature-length film
1919 When Doctors Disagree Millie Martin Victor Schertzinger Walter Hiers Feature-length film
1919 Upstairs Elsie MacFarland Victor Schertzinger Cullen Landis Feature-length film
1919 Jinx The Jinx Victor Schertzinger Feature-length film, unknown/presumably lost
1919 The Pest Jigs Christy Cabanne Feature-length film, lost
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1920 Pinto Pinto Victor Schertzinger Cullen Landis Feature-length film
1920 What Happened to Rosa Rosa Victor Schertzinger Feature-length film
1920 The Slim Princess Princess Kalora Victor Schertzinger Tully Marshall Feature-length film
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1921 Molly O' Molly O' F. Richard Jones George Nichols Feature-length film
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1922 Oh, Mabel Behave Innkeeper's Daughter Mack Sennett Mack Sennett
Ford Sterling
1922 Head Over Heels Tina Paul Bern
Victor Schertzinger Raymond Hatton
Adolphe Menjou Feature-length film
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1923 Suzanna Suzanna F. Richard Jones George Nichols Feature-length film, incomplete (two reels are missing)
1923 The Extra Girl Sue Graham F. Richard Jones George Nichols Feature-length film
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1926 Raggedy Rose Raggedy Rose Richard Wallace Carl Miller
Max Davidson
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